Thứ Năm, 31 tháng 8, 2017

Auto news on Youtube Aug 31 2017

[RINGING]

Hi.

It's Doug.

Are you a fan of donuts?

Well, I'm standing outside a donut shop near my house.

Look at the size of this.

Isn't that huge?

We got a question about donuts this week

from someone named Connell.

So let's give him a call now.

[RINGING]

Hi, Doug.

Hi, Connell.

I have a question for you.

How did donuts get their name?

That's a great question.

Why do we call donuts donuts?

To be honest, we could have called them anything.

We could have called them schmoop la doops.

Or we could have called them sassenfringles.

Fingal's

But no, we call them donuts.

Why?

Why donut?

What's so interesting about questions

like this is how do you figure out how anything came

to be called what it's called?

To solve this kind of mystery, there's a secret tool--

this thing.

It's awesome.

It's a special kind of book.

It's a kind of dictionary.

Now you might know that a dictionary is a book that

has every word in our language.

And you can look up any word.

And it tells you how to spell it and what that word means.

This thing is a special kind of dictionary.

It's called an etymology dictionary.

Now let me tell you what that means.

I wish it had a better name.

Etymology means the story of a word.

So this doesn't tell you what a word means.

Instead if you look up a word in this book,

it tells you the story of the word.

It tells you why we chose to call the word that word.

So what I can do is I can look up donut

in the etymology dictionary.

And here we get our first clue.

Now you might have seen donut spelled like this--

D-O-N-U-T, right?

That's how a lot of people spell it today.

But donut is sometimes spelled like this,

and this is how it used to be spelled.

Does that give you any clues?

Just by looking at the word, can you

tell where at least part of the word donut comes from?

Now would be a good time to pause

the video if you want to take a guess.

You ready?

Look at the first part of that word, the dough part

of the word doughnut.

You might have heard of dough before.

Donuts are made of dough.

It's the same stuff we use to make bread.

So that's the dough part.

But now what about the second part of that word, nut?

A donut doesn't look like a nut.

What's it got to do with a nut?

It seems like nothing.

But if you look in the etymology dictionary, it tells us.

Donuts weren't always a thing.

They were introduced from the Dutch,

a people who live in Europe, who called them olykoeks.

Now that's Dutch for oil cake.

It's dough that you fry in oil, which makes it become cake.

So you got oil cake.

Now that name didn't catch on for them.

So why would we start calling them donuts?

Well, notice what those original Dutch donuts looked like.

Do you notice how they don't have a hole in them, do they?

There's no hole.

We think of donuts as round with a hole in it.

I mean if it doesn't have that, it's not a donut, right?

But it turns out the hole came later.

You see, instead, donuts used to look like this,

a round glob of dough.

A lot of people thought that the shape of this

looked like a nut, almost like an almond.

So the name became donut because it's

a fried ball of dough that seemed

to be in the shape of a nut.

There you have it, all of this thanks to the special tool,

the etymology dictionary, a book that

tells you the story of a word.

What other words do you think would be interesting to look up

in an etymology dictionary?

Well, if you want to look up any word,

here's an etymology dictionary online

that you can go to-- etymonline.com.

That's all for this week's question.

Thanks, Connell, for asking it.

Now for the next episode, I reached into my question jar.

And I found three questions submitted to me that I'm

thinking about answering.

When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.

You can choose from, "Where does metal come from?"

or "Why isn't Pluto considered a planet anymore?"

or "How high can an airplane go?"

So submit your vote when the video's over.

I want to hear from all of you watching.

There are mysteries all around us.

Stay curious.

And see you next week.

For more infomation >> Why do we call them donuts? - Duration: 4:42.

-------------------------------------------

Why Do India And China Have So Many People? - Duration: 2:59.

India and China, together, are home to over 2.7 billion people.

That's as many humans as in the next 20 most populous countries combined, or in the whole

other 170 countries in the world.

Over the last 300 years, India and China each added more than a billion people to their

populations, way more than any other country, but they have actually been growing at about

the same rate as the rest of the world.

They have a lot more people today because they had a lot more people a few hundred years

ago, when the world began its period of modern, and rapid, population growth.

It's like comparing a big bank account and a small one.

If they both grow at about the same rate over many years, the big one gains a lot more money,

simply because it started with more.

So the billion-dollar, er, billion-person question, is why did India and China have

so many people when they started their rapid growth?

We can't know for sure, since so many variables factor into long-term population dynamics,

but the two most plausible explanations are food and area.

Having lots of fertile land and good access to fresh water makes it possible to grow lots

of food, which in turn makes it possible to nourish a lot of people.

Even today, the 10 most populated countries in the world all have a relatively large amount

of farmland.

And Asia - and in particular south and east Asia - has tons of farmland, lots of river

valleys, and the ability to grow food year-round.

Plus, domestication of plants and animals essentially started in Asia, giving populations

an early leg - or wing - up.

As such, Asia's been the most densely populated region of the world for a really long time.

Area matters too; countries like Pakistan and Bangladesh may be filled with farms and

densely-populated, but because they're smaller in area than India and China, they simply

cannot contain as many people.

Of course, a few other things happened in India and China in the last few thousand years,

and some of them helped the populations grow, and some of them shrank the populations, but

through it all, the large and fertile lands of India and China were able to sustain lots

of people, such that when the era of modern population growth came around, they had a

head start.

Or rather, a hundred-million-head start.

This video was sponsored by the University of Minnesota, where students, faculty and

staff across all fields of study are working to solve the Grand Challenges facing society.

The Minnesota Population Center is helping demographic researchers explore past and current

trends in world population, the Global Landscapes Initiative is working to figure out how to

keep feeding the world's growing population without harming the planet, and the IPUMS

Terra project integrates global population data with data on the environment to better

understand how humans transform ecosystems, and how ecosystems transform humans.

Thanks, University of Minnesota!

For more infomation >> Why Do India And China Have So Many People? - Duration: 2:59.

-------------------------------------------

Why Travelers Love Staying in Hostels - Duration: 1:56.

My name is James Coffee and I am from

Melbourne, Australia.

My name is Elena and I'm from Russia .

I'm Izzy and I'm from

Tunbridge Wells in England.

My name is Marie, and I come from France.

I love staying in hostels.

It's one of my favorite ways to travel because you meet

so many people.

I always travel by myself

so if I feel social

then I can meet people. If I feel like

I don't want to see anybody, I want to stare at the building for

half an hour because

it's beautiful, then I can do that. So I do it for flexibility.

You never know where it's going to take you.

Sometimes I've meet people at a hostel

and ended up just dropping all my plans and

going traveling with them

it opens up a lot of opportunities

especially if you're a solo traveler.

Share with the other guests, and talk,

and

not feeling alone.

Nice vibe,

clean and tidy,

and just

the people I think make it

a better place, a better hostel.

It inspires you. You see so many places,

see some new people you're like, "Oh wow!

I definitely want to know this thing." I want to

kind of learn.

You understand the gap between what you have and what you could have in

your life as a person or as a citizen.

Meeting some lifelong friends or,

you know,

seeing some stuff that you otherwise wouldn't

have seen.

It's all about experience, I guess.

Try it, because it's a good adventure!

Không có nhận xét nào:

Đăng nhận xét